2016年11月1日星期二

Guilty by appearance

今天是澳洲熱鬧日子: Melbourne Cup賽馬, 一年一度的盛事, 平時不賭錢的人, 今天都凑熱鬧賭一手, 很多寫字樓同工都會夾錢碰運氣。有朋友叫我去打牌和買馬, 那當然是湊熱鬧的活動, 但我不玩這些, 所以就沒有參加。今天跟老伴在後園勞動了6個鐘, 筋疲力盡, 只是略有寸進, 鋪了一條「血」路。

昨日走去一間園景材料的鋪頭訂了一車碎松木, 要求今早送貨, 老闆是個老外, 落單期間突然停手, 看着我然後問,

"Why do you do this tomorrow? You don't bet on the Melbourne Cup?"
"Well, I am not a punter."
"Do all Chinese love to gamble?"
"I know what you mean. The ones at the casino are doing money laundering. Not me. I don't bet on horses. I have no money to launder."

死唔死 ! 人哋洗黑錢, 我使血汗錢, 也guilty by appearance。這老外沒有羞辱的含意, 我當然不會take offence。事實上賭場豪客確實有不少中國人。我來了澳洲10多年, 悉尼的賭場Star City去過一次, 去看Phantom Of The Opera的演出, 麻雀就過去十年八年未打過。

花了血汗錢A$280買了4立方米紅木碎
6小時的血路

如果只是把木碎倒上小路上, 半小時可完成。清除了兩星期野草, 今天繼續除, 之後再鋪報紙然後才鋪木碎, 前後園的勞動只完成4份之1, 有排挨。

今天Melbourne Cup誰勝出了是焦點所在, 我卻關注另一件事。去年4月, 準新娘Stephanie Scott, 被姦殺燒屍案轟動一時, 這鄉村小鎮女教師被清潔外判工殺害, 幾星期前兇徒認罪被判終身監禁, 這人有心理問題, 但他沒有抗辯。今天報章報導受害人的父親在家園清理樹木時給樹壓死, 不幸事為何總要作弄不幸的家庭呢! 香港那英籍銀行高層肢解兩名印尼妓女案已到辯方作證的階段, 除了打diminished responsibilty, 還有甚麼抗辯可言, 看報導的論據, 只能一笑置之, 始終是jury trial, 我還是閉嘴為妙。上一次寫和銀行家有關的謀殺案是Nancy Kissel的奶昔謀殺案, 所不同的是, 銀行家是死者的殺夫案, 其中一個抗辯理由也是diminished responsibilty。老伴問我, 就算釘咗manslaughter, 都要入精神病院過世, 點解要撐? 嘩! 分別好大。謀殺判終身, 甚少有parole board會讓謀殺犯假釋, 誤殺如果判終身一定有假釋期, 判入院令就未必終身, 精神問題醫得好喎, 當然這一類案醫好咗都可以話你未好啦, 道理就好似無癲都可以詐癲一樣, 但是申請回國服刑/治療相對可能較容易。

這兩件案(新南威爾斯州和香港這兩件)就看得到有錢和無錢的分別, 有錢就多啲抗辯理由, 無錢就PG囉! PG即plead guilty, 相反就PNG, 呢啲係香港本地英語的acronym(頭文字)。對上兩篇有人連續留言刻意追殺偷胸圍的馬大狀, 我希望留言者可以寬以待人, 過去了的事情何必鍥而不捨, 不能讓犯錯的人改過自新嗎? 如果是鍾情癡戀那種堅持我可以理解, 沒有血海深仇就請別下下針對他好嗎?

2016年10月30日星期日

春日誌

春天到, 後園就好恐怖, 長了滿園野草, 每天都要花點時間與大自然搏鬥, 殺草拔草, 也要出動鐵筆來鋤來挑, 根深蒂固, 汗流浹背, 汗水淹了眼鏡片。上星期有一晚看書看到三四點, 過兩天就爆暗瘡, 右眼又爆了微絲血管充了血。立即whatsapp小女兒:

"Subconjunctival haemorrhage in my right eye. I suppose nothing I need to worry about and nothing need to be done?"

"Did you check your blood pressure?"

"I did and it is good"

"Did you sneeze?"

"Yes I did. It is spring time."

春天的花粉通常都使我不停打噴嚏, 擤鼻涕, 再加上在夏天來臨之前, 消防員會預先燒去一些野草, 這裏叫back burning, 減低炎夏山林大火的肆虐, 因此飄來火氣十足的灰燼, 也使人透不過氣。

老伴近日積極運動, 一天要走12000步, 我今天開車到20公里外的河畔公園去讓她走路, 我就去「陪跑」。這地方我們幾乎每星期都去走走, 閒日人少, 假日就200幾個泊車位都爆滿, 今天預測下午有雷雨, 所以遊人不算多, 天氣翳悶, 氣溫有30度。走了個多小時, 就差不多達標了。又奉行low carb diet, 兩點幾回到家裏就粥粉麫飯都沒有吃, 我就是早餐兩片multigrain 面包, 全日都沒有米飯到肚了。今天沒有「客仔」, 有閒暇看了個多小時法國羽毛球公開賽, 然後到後花園與野草搏鬥, 至春雷動大雨淋濕身才收工。炒了一碟露筍, 吃了吃剩的幾隻雞中翼就是我的晚餐, 窮等人家的一天就這樣過的。

吃完晚飯就答下留言, 「安得老」條友仔一時就詩經, 一時就楚辭來留言, 大佬我唔係考科舉喎, 留言用本土話得唔得啫, 用胡官啲口吻咪好囉, 畀咁多壓力我, 我頂唔住架。不時也有一位總是喜歡咬住啲犯過事或受過紀律處分的大狀唔放, 上兩篇我提及偷胸圍的大狀, 主要是想講受惠於《罪犯自身條例》三年洗底, 做律師也可重新註冊。犯錯的人, 事過境遷, 不一定要時常掛在嘴邊, 他有心理/精神問題, 給他治療自新的機會, 得饒人處且饒人, 就請不要時刻開名出來講好嗎?

想起春雷, 想起香港的現狀, 我又想起魯迅的《無題》

萬家墨面沒蒿萊, 敢有歌吟動地哀﹔
心事浩茫連廣宇,於無聲處聽驚雷!

想起「支那」論, 就想起日本侵華, 就不期然想起這首詩, 如煙往事, 也一一浮現。

2016年10月29日星期六

貪小失大

Suspended prison sentence for cash-strapped NQ solicitor who altered parking permit with a felt tip pen

His legal career now hangs in the balance

A 26-year-old newly qualified (NQ) solicitor has been handed a suspended prison sentence for changing the date on a parking permit with a felt tip pen.

Steven Barker appeared before Portsmouth Crown Court yesterday facing four counts of obtaining services by deception, fraud, and making an article for use in fraud.

The court heard how Barker had used a felt tip pen to — somewhat crudely — add an extra year onto his parking permit, changing the five in ‘13 July 2015’ to a six.

According to the Mail Online, Barker would leave his vehicle in a carpark in Southsea and travel — via hovercraft — to a firm based on the Isle of Wight, where he was completing his training contract.

The young solicitor — who has since lost his job as an in-house lawyer at insurance outfit Ageas — was caught using the doctored permit (pictured below) on four occasions between October and November last year.

Via Portsmouth City Council

Though Barker admitted the four counts back in September, his counsel, William Mousley QC of London’s 2KBW, claimed he had been suffering from poor health and financial difficulties at the time of the offences. Continuing, he said:

He is ashamed. This was either a gross error of judgement or an act of complete stupidity and he now has a high price to pay and this will remain with him for a significant period.

Sentencing Barker to six months in prison, suspended for two years, Judge Ian Pearson said:

Effectively you are ruined as far as being a solicitor is concerned. It’s highly unlikely you will retain that position. The public expect a higher standard of honesty and integrity from members of the profession and this matter means that you plainly fail to achieve the high standard expected.

Barker — who only qualified in February and is currently unemployed — was also slapped with 150 hours of unpaid work and ordered to pay £986 prosecution costs.
(Legal Cheek 27/10/2016)

真的很不明白, 這律師是怎樣訓練出來的, 塗改泊車證, 甘冒犯法的風險, 貪圖小便宜, 帶來嚴重後果, 得益與後果不相稱, 真的是愚蠢型犯法。上一篇那女生想做律師, 條長路遠, 這個新牌仔卻活得不耐煩, 以後還可以執業嗎? 我粗略看了英國的Rehabilitation of Offenders Act 1974, 類似香港法例第297章《罪犯自新條例》, 不過定得較香港寬大, 這律師判緩刑6個月, 因為不超過6個月, 3年後可以洗底, 如果發生在香港, 判監超過3個月就無得洗底, 案底伴隨一世了。那麼不用即時入獄的緩刑又算不算判監呢? 英國我就不清楚, 以香港而言, 答案在法例第221章《刑事訴訟程序條例》第109B(5)(a)就可找到, 自己去睇。

有些人大小都貪, 大小通吃, 是一種性格, 到頭來一身蟻, 香港嗰個大哥咪有得畀你睇, 仲未審, 有排震。裏面有啲兄弟喺道, 入埋去就難兄難弟聚下舊, 名就唔好開喇, 有gag order, 開名會影響公平審訊, 始終係jury trial。因為publicity會影響公平審訊, 辯方會用這理由申請永久終止聆訊, 個官又多啲嘢做, 多啲嘢要寫。香港始終地方細, 又唔可以飛去第二個州審, 或者從第二個州飛啲陪審員嚟, 所以一有傳媒帶領公眾預審預判, 就產生好多問題。

又「法」噏風

官:首見58優點被告 售翻版女生判守行為

【明報專訊】現於大專就讀法律及行政課程的女生,因家境清貧,於中學時期透過網店售賣翻版手機殼,以掙取補習費。女生早前承認兩罪,裁判官昨明言首次遇上曾獲學校嘉許58個優點的被告,對事件感可惜,勉勵她「跌倒要企起身」,繼續追逐理想,判其每罪自簽1000元守行為1年,同期執行。

控方指過16歲拒撤控

案件早前提訊時,辯方稱曾與控方商議以其他方法處理,惟控方認為被告葉雯恩(18歲)案發時已超過16歲,堅持提出檢控。律政司昨回覆查詢時稱,經詳細考慮相關控罪的嚴重性、辯方當時向控方提供的資料等因素後,才決定檢控。

被告稱鬆一口氣

被告早前被控出售「應用偽造商標的貨品」及「為售賣或任何商業或製造用途而管有應用偽造商標的貨品」兩罪,她聞判後激動落淚。葉雯恩在庭外被問到是否鬆一口氣時,她點頭示意。至於會否擔心案件影響前途,她回應指問題較私人,不作任何回應。

官勉追逐理想勿氣餒

裁判官吳重儀判刑時以「雯恩」稱呼被告,指過往刑事法庭處理的均是成績表上有無數缺點和大過的「頑童」,首次遇到有58個優點的被告,反映她「一直好乖」,在學校的表現良好,對她是次犯案亦感可惜,叮囑她不可再犯。吳官續稱,知道被告因案件致考大學有阻滯,勉勵她要自強不息、不要氣餒,強調人生不如意事十常八九,鼓勵她繼續勇往直前,追逐理想。

吳官又提到,被告將來能成為律師固然好,但行行出狀元,未來無論從事任何工作,都對社會有貢獻和有意義,寄語她盡快更生和「洗底」。

辯方求情時,引述被告的感化報告,顯示她在學校的紀律良好,形容犯案是其最大錯誤和污點。辯方又呈上由其中學校長撰寫的求情信,和22名教師的聯署信,指被告一向表現優良,是受教師尊重和歡迎的學生。

【案件編號:KTCC3609/16】
(29/10/2016 明報)

18歲女生不獲律政司撤銷控罪讓她簽保守行為以致留下刑事案底, 確有點可惜, 但也不能怪責律政司, 畢竟賣「老番」是較嚴重的控罪, 涉及侵權的考慮, 不能與一般店鋪盜竊, 在公眾地方打架那類較容易考慮撤銷控罪讓被告簽保守行為。靚女法官展示宅心仁厚的一面, 判女生簽保守行為, 可謂極輕的判罰, 更輕就是無條件釋放(absolute discharge), 運用的也是同一條例, 《裁判官條例》第36條, 縱使是極輕刑罰, 那是刑事紀錄, 收納入刑事紀錄課的資料庫。3年內不犯法而致定罪, 這刑事紀錄就可以註銷, 在大部份情況下可以不作披露, 視作沒有刑事紀錄, 可否取得良民證呢? 我不能確實講, 曾經有留言說可以, 不過印上曾有紀錄註銷了的蓋印。這女生日後可當上律師嗎? 我看未必有困難, 需要申報但並不自動成為不能註冊的障礙。大狀在坪洲偷女性內衣一案被定罪, 一直上訴到終審法院, 但上訴許可不批, 那是2011年12月6日的事, 大狀現在也重新執業, 可見酌情考慮個別情況是有可能的。繼而有人問特首赦免的可能性, 我在寫《火樹飛花》讀後感時也有人問過。在九七前有港督赦免權, 九七後有行政長官赦免權(《基本法》第48條(12), 只有赦免或減輕刑事罪犯的刑罰(to pardon persons convicted of criminal offences or commute their penalties), 而不是赦免定罪, 在女皇赦免少年殺人犯的刑罰(at her Majesty's pleasure)的年代, 所赦免的也只是刑罰方面而不是推翻定罪。

昨日曾司長被問到何時參選特首一事, 他以「呢啲天機嚟」作回應, 南華早報的報導譯作 "heaven knows", 我又有意見了, 跟老伴講, 我就會譯作celestial secret, 老伴問我做乜搞起翻譯嚟, 我懂個屁翻譯, 只是搞搞震, heaven/God knows 表達不到天機不可洩的意思。

胡官又繼續表述他久違了對社會事件的看法, 假如你完全不知他以前的銜頭, 聽到他近日的言論, 你會感覺到他曾是上訴庭副庭長嗎? 抑或是榕樹頭的講古佬或者是維園阿伯? 大佬, 不滿梁振英施政就出來參選, 甚麼章法也沒有, 問到政治、經濟、社會、民生的議題, 答案都像吃了味精: 「未之數」。咁樣行出嚟, 唔怕失禮死人, 丟晒法官架喎! 正如他講佔中, 有人教你做功課、有嘢食、有營幕可以瞓覺, 唔去佔埋一份會好無面, 友儕訕笑! 咁去選特首, 係唔係年晚煎堆心態, 人選我選, 抑或阿Q摸小尼姑的禿頭那種心態, 和尚摸得, 我摸不得? 我不得不修正他陪跑的講法, 當年Sir TL傻傻哋去參選陪跑, 起碼都入到閘, 胡官恐怕連跑的機會都沒有。

2016年10月27日星期四

政壇風雲

香港趣事多, 突然跑了個胡官出來選特首。What a surprise! 他適合嗎? 適合陪跑。楊鐵樑當年做傻仔, 今時今日又跑一個出來。法官的質素是法律知識強, 斷案明察秋毫, 公正不阿, 這都不是政治人需要的東西, 論條件, 屬錯配。法官受到《法官行為指引》的約束, 在任時不能參與政治活動, 退休時都起碼六、七十, 才起步參政, 政治履歷白紙一張, 叫人怎樣對能力評價? 楊官當年參選, 臨近九七, 明知進不了終審法院, 去陪跑的損失就只有退回的「爵士」銜。胡官陪跑, 也只是放棄了退休後, 做高院暫委法官的工作, 也沒有損失, 其實也不知誰放棄誰。別以為大法官參選有甚麼聲威, 不外是跑龍套。政治涉及很多妥協, 說不盡的枱底摸底的事, 擔當特首選委的人, 會不會投票給一個不知肯不肯妥協, 政治理念不清的人?

鏡頭又要轉回立法會那三位未宣誓的議員了。我一直都不懂評論這司法覆核官司, 因為雙方都有一定理據, 所以我很少回應這方面的留言, 不懂就不扮懂了。有留言講劉小麗自爆誠心虛假宣誓(蠢婆never learns), 心裏怎樣想只有自己及肚裏的蟲才會知, 以文字書寫來言志, 那就是證據了。這是甚麼智慧, 我也不懂, 我只知這不是政治智慧。又有傳聞政府秘密準備為三位新貴補選議席。當真?

假設法庭裁定立法會主席無權給予議員再宣誓的機會, 這三人的議席就被禠奪了嗎? 就要按法例第542章《立法會條例》第35及36條進行補選? 我看未必。不能再宣誓誰說等如席位懸空? 不如看下《立法會條例》第15條怎樣講:

章:542 PDF標題:《立法會條例》憲報編號:E.R. 2 of 2012
條:15條文標題:議員何時不再擔任席位版本日期:02/08/2012

(1) 如議員有以下情況,其席位即告懸空─

    (a) 按照第14條辭去席位或按照第13條被視為已辭去席位;或
    (b) 去世;或
    (c) 除第(2)款另有規定外,改變其根據第40(1)(b)(ii)條所聲明的國籍,或在其根據該條聲明的是否有中華人民共和國以外的國家的居留權的事實方面有所改變;或
    (d) 是主席及根據《精神健康條例》(第136章)已被裁斷為因精神上無行為能力而無能力處理和管理其財產及事務;或 (由2003年第25號第4條代替)
    (e) 按照《基本法》第七十九條被宣告喪失立法會議員的資格。
(1A) 根據第(1)(d)款喪失資格的人如在其後根據《精神健康條例》(第136章)被裁斷為已有能力處理和管理其財產及事務,則有資格再當選。 (由2003年第25號第4條增補)
(2) 如某該議員是在第37(3)條指明的功能界別的選舉中選出的議員,則除非該議員已根據第40(1)(b)(ii)條聲明他有中國國籍或沒有中華人民共和國以外的國家的居留權,並於其後─
    (a) 取得中國國籍以外的國籍;或
    (b) 取得中華人民共和國以外的國家的居留權,
否則第(1)(c)款不適用於該議員。
(3) 就第(1)(e)款而言,可根據《基本法》第七十九(七)條對議員作出譴責的行為不檢情況包括(但不限於)該議員違反根據第40(1)(b)(iii)條作出的誓言。

附註:《基本法》第七十九條內容如下:
香港特別行政區立法會議員如有下列情況之一,由立法會主席宣告其喪失立法會議員的資格:
    () 因嚴重疾病或其他情況無力履行職務;
    () 未得到立法會主席的同意,連續三個月不出席會議而無合理解釋者;
    () 喪失或放棄香港特別行政區永久性居民的身份;
    () 接受政府的委任而出任公務人員;
    () 破產或經法庭裁定償還債務而不履行;
    () 在香港特別行政區區內或區外被判犯有刑事罪行,判處監禁一個月以上,並經立法會出席會議的議員三分之二通過解除其職務;
    () 行為不檢或違反誓言而經立法會出席會議的議員三分之二通過譴責。
這三人沒有按第13條不接受席位或第14條辭去席位, 就只剩下第15條去決定這三席是否懸空(vacant)了。第15條就只有1(e)可以考慮了。1(e)即是要講《基本法》第七十九條, 《基本法》第七十九條就只有七十九(七)可以考慮。這條十分吊詭, 只要三分之二出席(present)的議員通過譴責就可成事, 並非全體議員三分之二。立法會有70席, 合法開會人數是超過一半, 即最少36席, 以最低出席計算, 即24人投譴責議案就可以通過禠奪這三個人的席位, 在那情況下就能夠補選了。

未能宣誓又未喪失議員資格的三位議員, 怎能阻止過半數的建制派議員踢走他們呢? 第一, 他們要每次出席立法會會議, 沒有完成宣誓沒有投票權不等同沒出席權, 他們出席在人數上可以擴大通過議案的人數要求。第二, 他們要祈求有足夠非建制議員出席以保住超過三分一反對票。第三, 他們要確保非建制議員不會轉軚。

非建制議員騎虎難下, 真心支持這三個蠢蛋嗎? 他們不覬覦補選去奪這三席嗎? 在現今的政治環境下, 他們暫時不會跳船, 抱着敵人的敵人是自己的朋友心態, 在立場上支持這三人是出於抗敵的維護, 而並非理念共享, 基礎十分脆弱, 尤其是這兩個「支那」論的議員, 除了惹起很多人的反感外, 非建制的議員不反感嗎?

做議員不論老幼、美醜、聰明愚笨、鴻儒白丁, 都不可以倒自己米, 損己利人。梁游兩位蠢事做盡, 不用一死以謝天下, 也要吃點啞藥, 講少錯少, 減低討厭程度, 閉門讀書思考, 別再做振臂一呼, 應者寥寥的事吧! 你不高調, 別人還不知你這幾萬票選民的取態, 別自暴其醜, 讓人訕笑好嗎?

2016年10月26日星期三

Close a deal

明報頭條繼續報導這噁心的虐殺兩名印尼妓女案, 看了十分反胃, 控辯雙方看來所爭持的是diminished responsibility這抗辯, 這類兇案在香港謀殺案而言未必是最gruesome的, 但現代手機先進, 被告可以自拍多段殺人心路, 是以往殺人犯做不到的。繪形繪聲, 盡變態的能事, 我都覺得震慄, 不去評論了。但看到明報這一段報導:

被告在片段中提到,他在美林證券的的結構性證券及金融貿易部門擔任主管,薪金豐厚。他殺人後並不感到內疚,反而因未能與一間毫無生氣的公司結束交易而感到內疚(I feel guilty that I'm not in the office to close an financial deal for a soulless financial institution)

Close a deal這裏我覺得譯錯了, 不是結束交易, 而是達成協議, 完成交易的意思。

2016年10月22日星期六

寫在鏢場非禮案覆核上訴之前

鏢場非禮判社服 事主:是二次傷害 律政司:決定覆核刑期

【明報專訊】兩年半前一名女子在飛鏢場與東主飲酒後不省人事,其後法醫發現其體內及場內酒杯殘留鎮靜劑,而事主內褲及陰道外亦有東主的精液,被告承認非禮,周二(18日)於高等法院獲輕判240小時社會服務令,判刑引來社會廣泛爭議。案中受害人昨接受訪問,指判決是對她的「二次傷害」,當刻想自殺了斷﹕「我已不知這世界還有沒有公平、有沒有真理?」

與被告飲酒後昏睡內褲陰道外留精液

律政司昨表示,原則上已決定就被告刑期向上訴法庭申請覆核 ,周二已去信法庭索取聆訊的紀錄謄本供考慮。

受害人X昨與男友周先生一同接受訪問,約兩小時內她多次情緒失控﹑痛哭落淚。X表示,判決令她重回案發初期的崩潰及無助,「香港如此不安全,我是否要帶很多武器在身才外出?是否應不吃不喝?」她認為被告毫無悔意,質疑其案發後做義工所作的求情。X不滿法官在女性面對恐怖經歷下,仍稱讚被告,「我只可用『可恥』形容」。

案情指出,22歲的X前年3月到飛鏢場消遣,34歲被告李潤堅着X飲酒放鬆「可玩得更好」,X酒後感暈眩,在沙發昏睡,其間感有人從後抱她,雙手放其腰間及胸部,更低聲說「醒喇喂,唔係我忍唔住喇」。X掙扎並以粗口斥責對方別碰她,其後不省人事。男友多次致電不果後上門,發現X的短褲褲鏈已爛掉,遂報警。原被控強姦的被告最終改控非禮,控方未能證明被告酒內落藥。

官讚被告品格 「不欲毁其前途」

暫委法官馬永新判刑時形容被告品格良好,稱讚他有企業家頭腦,積極參與保護動物和關注長者工作,更在飛鏢運動上有成就,法官不欲摧毁其事業。

X表示,當時為興趣玩飛鏢,與男友同到案發鏢場玩耍約1個月,與被告雖有WhatsApp來往,但只限請教,「只是老闆與顧客關係」。周先生補充,被告曾多番藉詞要其女友「輸咗要飲酒」,遭X拒絕。

需穿3打底褲出街 聞判欲尋死

周先生指出,當日曾成功聯絡女友一次,當時X語無倫次、咬字極不清晰,入院後陷入「半昏迷」達16小時才蘇醒,幾近虛脫的身體要兩日多才復元,「好像發了一場很長、很恐怖的噩夢」。

事發後心理評估顯示X有抑鬱及創傷後遺症,事件令她對藥物存陰影,現不時情緒失控,發噩夢,要穿兩三條打底褲才敢外出,不敢信人,「沒有任何言詞足以形容走過的歷程」。X表示,幸得男友支持才打消尋死念頭:「做錯事的不是我,要力爭到底。」周先生亦曾因調查的警員延誤兩日才蒐證,向投訴警察課投訴後獲回覆指相關警員「疏忽職守」成立。

警遲蒐證 投訴課認疏忽職守

立法會議員鄺俊宇昨表示,收到受害人X的求助,X「不想其他女孩再遇上我的遭遇」,鄺表示會協助X提供可行援助,「如此證據下的判決,難令受害人感到舒一口氣」。
(21/10/2016 明報)

這篇暫時不談新貴議員宣誓風波了, 反正餘波未了, 後續有期, 上一兩篇的留言各自表述, 可開豬場千萬間, 頂死五豐行, 使豬價大跌, 食豬者喜。

我在與智障人士非法性交案一文的後半部談到飛鏢非禮案, 批評法官判刑失職, 律政司理應跟進。律政司決定申請覆核刑罰了。那麼, 應該怎判? 非禮罪最高可判監禁10年, 是在1991年修訂把舊的最高監禁刑期調高一倍。上訴庭只就在港鐵發生的非禮案作出指引, 因其猖獗, 應判被告即時啷噹入獄(clang of the prison gates), 初犯者判監14至28天, 第二次犯應判監2至6個月(Attorney General and Wai Yan Shun CAAR 17/1990)。除此之外, 非禮案的判刑就只有刑期覆核的案例, 而沒有另一宗為非禮判刑定下指引的案例, 畢竟非禮的方式很多, 一般常見是摸胸、屁股及下體, 但犯案的嚴重程度不一, 舐腳也可以構成非禮(香港特別行政區 訴 尹浩洋 HCMA673/2014), 要訂定有意義的指引(tariff)殊不容易。

歸根究底, 本案應該怎樣判才能還受害人一個公道呢? 上訴庭未有裁決之前, 我先動腦筋。找相同案情來比較殊不容易, 這件案屬迷姦性質, 但以非禮定罪, 雖然沒有直接證據顯示被告在酒中落藥, 但化驗顯示酒杯中及受害人體內殘存精神科藥物, 除非是受害人自己服用的, 否則唯一的推論便是被告落藥, 這案情應該在呈堂的案情裏反映出來, 也應該是判刑必然的考慮因素。另外, 受害人因這件案所受創傷的程度的評估(impact assessment), 也是量刑時的考慮。要列出加重刑罰的因素(aggravating factors), 這件案多的是。我寫這一篇之前所參考的案例只集中上訴庭的判刑覆核案, 全部都以CAAR(Criminal Appeal Application for Review)作編號的案件, 下列幾件案, 案情都比本案輕得多, 大部份是裁判法院的判刑覆核。以本案而言, 就算不以強姦罪作為主要控罪, 單獨是非禮罪一項, 都應該轉介到區域法院審理, 律政司對判刑的預期應該是超過裁判法院兩年監禁的上限。


ATTORNEY GENERAL AND NG SAI MAN CAAR 11/1993

這是Wai Yan Shun案同類性質的覆核。被告Ng Sai Man在擠逼的九廣鐵路車廂內, 用手指戳受害人的下體幾次, 被控非禮, 他否認控罪, 審訊後被定罪。裁判官先索取感化報告, 最後判罰款$3000。本案在上訴庭的討論相當簡單, Wai Yan Shun案裁決後, 非禮罪的最高刑罰由5年監禁增至10年, 這刑罰並不影響Ng Sai Man案的判刑, 畢竟要判處10年的非禮, 要是近乎強姦的案情, 最後上訴獲批:

17. We allow this application for review. In allowing it, we set aside the fine - a mere fine being wrong in principle and manifestly inadequate in the circumstances - and impose instead a sentence of imprisonment for 28 days.


THE ATTORNEY GENERAL AND PETER MACLENNAN CAAR 8/1996

這件案可謂轟動一時。被告Maclennan是新界北總區刑事情報科(CIU)警司, 被控在警官餐廳(officer's mess)裏, 拉清潔女工入女廁非禮, 上下其手, 他想脫去受害人的褲但不成功, 他自己脫褲, 用下體摩擦受害人。被告否認控罪, 最後定罪但只判罰款$5000及同額堂費。上訴庭批准律政司申請, 改判即時監禁6個月:

15. The appellant does not have the advantage of a plea of guilty which would have saved the time, effort and expenditure of two trials and Madam Tam having to undergo the ordeal of giving her evidence twice. Nor for the more than two years since the offence, has he exhibited any remorse. It is said on his behalf that he may lose his employment and his pension. He may well do so. He has been interdicted with partial or full loss of pay since 27th October, 1994, and he has run up legal costs in the order of $700,000. He brought these matters upon himself.

16. We take into account his good character, his long service in the police force which appears to have been ably carried out and the further personal consequences which may still follow. We bear in mind also that he has been at liberty since the offence and that this is an application for a review of sentence. We are therefore prepared to take as our starting point a sentence of imprisonment of nine months as being the least that should have been imposed upon him after trial but in the circumstances we reduce the term to one of six months. The application for review therefore succeeds to the extent that the sentence imposed upon the appellant will be six months' imprisonment instead of the fine of $5,000. The order that he should pay costs in the sum of $5,000 is to remain.


THE ATTORNEY GENERAL AND LEE KUI-MAN CAAR3/1997

這被告在旺角港鐵站近出口樓梯處伸手入兩名女學生裙底摸屁股, 其中一名女學生追上前對質, 竟然被他打到血流披面, 還被摸胸扯內褲, 最後被告被途人制服。傷者留院一週, 可見傷勢不輕。這種很離譜的非禮屬少見, 更離譜的是區域法院法官竟然只判監3個月, 我都覺得無天理。上訴庭在覆核刑期時提到判刑案例的原則, 引用了赫健士以前的講法:
......As Huggins J. said in R. v. Lui Wai Chun and Others [1946-1972] HKC 111 at 113:
"Courts must bear in mind that society has, in taken from the victims of crime and their relatives the satisfaction of personal vengeance transferred to the courts the duty of ensuring that punishments are not so lenient, that the victims or relatives will be tempted to take the law into their own hands. ................ The sentence must fit not only the offender but also the offence.
最後當然加刑:

9. The sentences imposed were wholly inadequate. We turn to assess the sentences which, in the view of this court, should have been imposed. When assessing sentence for the wounding offence, we must give, as did the trial judge, credit for a preparedness to plead guilty from the outset. The trial judge gave no starting point but it would appear that he must have started at about 4 1/2 months. We are satisfied that the proper starting point would have been 18 months and that this can properly, because of preparedness to plead, be reduced to 12 months. As regards the indecent assaults, we are satisfied that three months would have been an appropriate sentence on each of those and that all of the sentences should have been made consecutive. This would make an overall period of imprisonment of 18 months.

引用這例子並非顯示非禮的量刑, 而是指出法官可以判刑判得很荒謬。



受害人是14歲9個月大的女學生, 晚上從上水火車站乘的士回天坪邨的家, 途中被告叫女童坐上前座位, 多次摸胸吻臉非禮。被告被控3項非禮罪, 他承認控罪, 被判監兩個月同期執行。上訴庭批准律政司的覆核申請, 

25. Cases of this kind are never easy to decide. It is apparent to us that the magistrate had given close consideration to all the facts which were important to the issues involved, both for and against the respondent. Having said this, it is our view that the true seriousness of this case was, with respect, overlooked by the magistrate. Women, travelling at night by taxi, and young girls in particular, are entitled to expect that they can do so in complete safety without the unwanted attentions of the taxi driver being foisted upon them. Of course it is true that this was not the worst kind of indecent assault. Had it been more serious, no doubt the prosecution would have selected a different venue for trial where a higher sentence could be imposed.

26. As it is, however, we are satisfied that the sentences, individually and collectively, were manifestly inadequate and that these offences called for a total sentence in the region of 18 months after trial. Having regard to the respondent's timely pleas, this would be reduced to 12 months. Although there is strictly no longer a requirement to make a further reduction on a review of sentence, the fact is that the overall sentence was originally only 2 months and the respondent has long since been released. In such circumstances, we consider that 6 months' imprisonment should be imposed on each charge to be served concurrently.

坐完監之後的覆核加刑, 又是有利於被告的因素, 使他獲更多寬免。



這是一宗發生在20多年前的意圖強姦案, 當時受害人只有12歲, 被告扮煤氣抄錶員賺門入屋, 案情借上訴判辭來講:

9. He went into the kitchen on the pretext of going to read the meter. He came out and asked for the gas bills. He then told her to go into the kitchen herself to look at the meter. As she entered the kitchen, he grabbed her neck and pointed something sharp against her waist from behind. He pushed her to the floor, told her to keep quiet and said that he only wanted money. Then he pulled her T-shirt over her head. She did not see what was happening. He removed her brassiere, shorts and underpants. He fondled her breasts. He removed his trousers. He stroked her breasts and kissed them and then told her to spread her legs wider. He asked her for her name and where she went to school. He then asked whether she wanted to be taken away by him and she said “No”.

10. His penis was erect and he moved his penis around and about her private parts. He asked whether she had done this before, by which she understood him to allude to sexual intercourse. She said that she had not. She shouted in protest several times but he hit her head with his hand in order to keep her quiet. This caused her pain. She tried to resist him by pushing him away but in vain.

11. Her home telephone rang and she told him that her father would be coming home at noon, upon hearing which, he became nervous. Yet he still lay on top of her and continued to move his erect penis around her vagina for several minutes before getting up and leaving the flat.

12. Penetration had not taken place but he had ejaculated in the region of her vagina.

2013年審訊後被告被判監4年。這件案沒有插入(penetration)的元素, 判辭第12段可見做法跟飛鏢案相似, 但aggravating因素不同。但上訴庭列出幾點, 其中有3點適用於本案:
.....
(2) he failed to take into account a number of serious aggravating features;
......
(4) he paid too little regard to the effect of the offence on the victim;
(5) he paid too little regard to the need to deter others from such offences and therefore to the public interest;
.....

最終刑期改判成7年半。我不能把這件案硬套入飛鏢案, 因為加重刑罰的因素很不一樣。飛鏢案始終定了非禮罪而不是意圖強姦, 但案情相類的地方也不少。以上所講的除了最後這宗覆核, 其他都是裁判法院的判刑覆核, 全部都收監, 全部的案情都比飛鏢案輕, 尚且如此判罰, 飛鏢案這240小時的社會服務令確實犯了判刑原則上的錯誤。除了上訴覆核的案例, 很值得參考的是以下這上訴庭頒佈的案例, 我相信律政司在飛鏢案上訴陳辭一定會引用。



這是一宗在karaoke用迷姦水於一個14歲女孩的案件, 用迷姦水的證據確鑿, 比飛鏢案的證據強而有力。被告被控以「施用藥物以獲得或便利作非法的性行為」罪, 我在與智障人士非法性交案一文討論飛鏢案時講錯了, 這是「非法性行為」(unlawful sexual act)而並非「非法性交」(unlawful sexual intercourse)」, 所以無需插入的元素。迷姦水案的性質跟飛鏢案頗有共通之處, 所以在非鏢案上訴正審時, 我相信律政司會採用這件案的原則來游說法庭加刑, 迷姦水案被告被判監4年, 上訴庭認為不足以反映嚴重性, 應判處6年監禁。迷姦水案的判辭最後兩段的論述:

33. In our judgment, the sentence imposed by the judge was manifestly inadequate. The maximum term permitted by statute for the offence under section 121 of the Crimes Ordinance is one of 14 years’ imprisonment; more than the maximum offence of 10 years for indecent assault. That that is so should come as no surprise, the legislature obviously and understandably taking a particularly serious view of the premeditated and surreptitious act of undermining the will of an intended victim. The act thus proscribed has to it added pernicious elements, namely, the supply of a drug to someone who does not wish to receive it, let alone ingest it; the possibility of danger to the health or even life of the victim; and the additional possibility of triggering a taste for the drug. Each of those considerations apply in this case but this case bears the further particular aggravating features, first, that the person to whom the drug was administered was very young, administered by a mature adult; secondly, that the dose administered was great, thereby putting the girl at serious risk in the immediate term, and at long-term risk of psychological damage; and thirdly that the nature of the indecent act was particularly vile, going, as it did, significantly further than touching of her private parts. This offence was a bad one of its kind, and in our judgment warranted a term of at least six years’ imprisonment.

34. We wish, for future reference, to make a further point. It is a particularly unattractive feature of the trial and of this appeal that the applicant has sought to use the debilitating effect caused by his own administration of a large quantity of the drug to the girl to undermine the reliability of her account of the sexual act performed upon her. Where a court is satisfied beyond reasonable doubt that a defendant is guilty of the section 121 offence, but the prosecution fails to prove that a sexual act in fact took place and that failure is attributable to the state of mind induced by the drug administration, the sentence ought not to be less than if an unlawful sexual act were proved. Were it otherwise, a person guilty of the section 121 offence would benefit from his own crime.

故此, 這飛鏢案的非禮, 是相當嚴重的, 被告以前有不同類案底, 不論這社會服務令報告對他的評價如何有利, 這種性質的非禮應以3年監禁為起點, 加上使用藥物的因素, 再上調1年, 給予認罪的折扣及最初的判刑不用坐監的考慮, 覆核刑期應為即時入獄兩年半。

上一兩篇馬鹿大罵「港豬」, as he puts it with self conceited arrogance, 我沒有積極干預, 近期路過的讀者有所不知, 我以前跟馬老大多次交鋒, 甚至有兩篇專為他寫的, 以前罵過了就不再長氣重覆, 用「支那」、「舐共」、「港豬」、「奴隸」之類的詞語來攻撃人, 我對這種帽子已失了反駁的興趣, 我不是隔岸觀火, 而是省氣暖胃。我真的要罵人, 也可以很貧嘴惡舌的, 非不能也, 不為也。不信的話, 隨連結登入下面這三篇去看。罵人也要像訟辯中的盤問一樣, 挖個陷阱讓對手跌入去, 豬來豬往不是我的風格。